英语句子的八大基本结构例句大全及答案_英语句子基本结构有哪几种列出来

1.求英语句子结构求一例句概括全部！

2.英语六大基本句型结构,用法,例句

3.初中英语句子成分例句及详解

4.英语句子的结构?

5.英语句子结构分析

6.英语句子结构分析研究

英语句子结构分析

简单句的基本结构

1. 主语+谓语（不及物动词）

The sun does not always shine.太阳并非永远照耀。

被动：无。不及物动词没有被动语态。但有些不及物动词构成一些动词短语后能转为被动语态。The baby was looked after by the neighbor. 这个小孩由邻居照看着。

2. 主语+谓语（及物动词）+宾语What we did hurt him.我们的所作所为伤害了他。The market provides many goods for people.市场向人们提供许多货物。

被动：He was hurt by what we did. / Many goods are provided for people by the market.

3. 主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语。My father ge me a pen as my birthday present.父亲给我一支刚笔作为生日礼物。

被动：A pen was given to me by my father as my birthday present./ I was given a pen by my father as my birthday present.

4. 主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补语Love makes the world go around 爱让世界运行不息I will make life more enjoyable. 我会使生命更精彩。

被动：The world is made to go around by love. / Life is made more enjoyable by me.

5. 主语+系动词+表语Our better days are ahead 我们美好的时光在前头The boy looks very smart. 这个小男孩看起来非常聪明。

被动：无。系表结构无被动语态。但表示事情的特征、性状时，用主动语态表示被动的意义。The food in china tastes very delicious. 中国的食物尝起来很美味

在句子的八大成分中,有些成分是可以由一个句子来充当,我们称其为从句。按照功能，从句可划分为六种，分别是主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、定语从句、状语从句和同位语从句。其中，由于主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句以及同位语从句在句子中行使的都是名词的功能，又统称之为名词性从句。（从句一定会有引导词）

1、主语从句在复合句行使主语的功能。What we do willingly// is easy 愿者不难。That he won the first prize in the English competition //is known to everybody. 他英语竞赛获得第一的事情，每一个都知道。

2、宾语从句行使宾语的功能。Goals determine// what you’re going to be.目标决定你将成为什么样的人。We know// that you are a kind girl. （动宾）我们知道你是一个善良的女孩子。We are worried about// when he will recover from the bad cold. （介宾）我们担心的是他什么时候能从严重的感昌中恢复过来。I am sure// that she will come back on time. (形宾)我确保她会按时回来的。

3、表语从句在复合句中行使表语的功能。Love is //what links two souls.爱是联结两个心灵的东西.The pencil looks //as if it were broken //when it is put into a glass of water. 当被放进一杯水中时，这支铅笔看起来似乎是断了。

4.同位语从句：在复合句中行使同位语的功能。The plan// that our school will build a hall //will be carried out next year. 我们学校将要建一幢礼堂的将要在明年实施。We support the suggestion// that every student should wear uniform. 我们支持每一个学生都应穿校服的建议。

5、定语从句在复合句中行使定语的功能。Success is a process// that never ends .成功是一个永远没有结束的过程。A man// who knows two languages// is worth two men. 懂得两种语言的人抵得上两个人。

6、状语从句在复合句中行使状语的功能。A real friend never gets in your way，//unless you hen to be on the way down.真正的朋友绝不会挡你的路，除非在你走下坡的时候。As soon as I saw// I was going the wrong way, //I would turn around and change my direction .一看到自己走错了路，我就会转身改变方向。

明确句子成份的概念之后，再进一步掌握句子的简单基本结构。现在举例子说明结构分析法的步骤。例1、It was his special talent to make each visitor feel that the smile was unique.第一步：找句子的主干得：主语+系+表语。分析：在英文中，为了避免头重脚轻，当一个句子的主语较长时，一般都会将其放在句子的尾部，而有“it”作为形式主语，真正的主语应该是to make each visitor feel that the smile was unique 部分。这样做无非是为了使句子美观，更易于理解，久而久之，也就成了使用习惯。事实上，如果直接将其放在句子的头部，也并非错误。

第二步：分析句子枝干得，主语+系+表语.在真正的主语中，that引导表语从句,feel为感官系动词、主语是each visitor。that引导的表语从句中又是主语+系+表语。

第三步：用中文的表达习惯，翻译该句子。

让每一位游客都感觉到微笑的独特之处是他的特殊才能。

例2、If you want to interact effectively with me (从句),you first need to understand me （主句）.第一步；找主句的主干得：主语+谓语+宾语.分析：主语是you 谓语是need宾语是不定式to understand me.第二步：分析句子的枝干得：主语+谓语+宾语.由If连词引导的条件状语从句，you作句子的主语 ,“to interact effectively with me ”部分是做want的宾语。第三步：用中文的表达习惯，翻译该句子。如果希望和我有效地交往，你首先需要去了解我。

根据结构句子可以划分为三种类型：简单句、并列句和复合句。

① 简单句只有一个谓语动词或并列谓语的句子. I love my parents. 我爱我父母。She is pretty and likes dancing. 她长得很俊俏且喜欢跳舞。

②并列句由并列连词连接两个以上简单句而成的句子。并列连词如：and, but, or ,so等。并列句中的每个简单句可称为 (并列)分句。

如:In a full heart there is room for everything,// and in an empty heart there is room for nothing.充实的心灵包容一切，容虚的心灵排挤一切。如:We can’t control the beauty of our face, //but we can control the expression on it .我们无法控制自己面容的美丽，但我们能够控制自己面容的表情。如: Problems never stop// but people can stop problems.问题永远不会停止，但人可以停止问题。

③ 复合句除主句外还包含一个或一个以上从句的句子。主句是指表达主要思想，可以独立存在的句子，而从句相对于主句而言，是指表达次要思想，不能独立存在，只能和主句一起使用的句子，每个从句的功能相当于一个句子成分，也称主从复合句。如:Once you study hard, //you will make great progress. 一旦你努力学习，你就会取得很大的进步。 If you want to interact effectively with me, //you first need to understand me.如果你想希望和我有效地交往，首先你需要了解我。

注意：在复合句中,主句的主干为整个句子的主干,从句的主干只能作为枝干的主干,不能作整个句子的主干。因此，分析句子的结构时首先分要清主句和从句

由以上，就得出答案啦

1.主语+谓语+宾语的简单句

2.有时间状语从句的复合句，主句结构为：主语+系动词+表语

3.主语+谓语+宾语的简单句

4.有as引导非限制性定语从句、宾语从句的复合句，主句结构为：动词+宾语（即动宾结构）

5.主语+谓语+宾语的简单句

6.主语+谓语的简单句，被动语态

7.主语+谓语+宾语的简单句

8.主语+系动词+表语的简单句

9.有定语从句、宾语从句的复合句，主句结构为：主语+谓语+宾语

10.有定语从句、条件状语从句（as引导的）的复合句，主句结构为：主语+系动词+表语

希望能帮到你~

求英语句子结构求一例句概括全部！

1. "Be that as it may"是"Let it be that as it may"的省略形式，是由"be"引起的另外一种设结构，意思是"虽然如此，尽管这样"。

Be that as it may, she still choose this road.尽管如此，她依旧选择了这条路。

2. "range from …to…"结构。这是一个常见结构，译时很多情况下应变通处理，不能完全依靠辞典上的释义。

Computer lications range from an assembly line completely run by computers to a children toy responding to remote signals.

3. "the way…"结构

I always thought she was a common-sense person who discussed things the way they ought to be discussed.

4. 某些分隔结构

1) 动词短语相关部分被分隔(当"make use of "，"take notice of"，"pay attention to"，

等动词短语变成被动语态时)。

Use is made of solar energy in heating houses.

2)双重定语引起的分隔。

But there is of culture another view, in which not solely the scientific passion, the sheer desire to see things as they are, natural and proper in an intelligent being, ears as the ground of it.

5. "to be doing…when…"是一个句型，多译为"某人正在做……时，突然……"。在简单的句子中容易看出，一旦句子变得复杂一些，可能就不太容易识别这种句型。

She said she and a friend had gone out to dinner that night, and were walking home together at about 10 o'clock, when a "very big, very tall man", accosted them and demanded their purses. 在十点钟结伴回家时，突然一个又高又壮的男人出现.......

6. "so…that, such…that"是一个普通的句型，但在同一个句子里有两处使用它却比较少见。

The truth is, that in one point of view, this matter of national literature has come to such a pass with us, that in some sense we must turn bullies, else the day is lost, or superiority so far beyond us, that we can hardly say it will ever be ours.

7. "by doing…"结构。这个结构的意思是"通过(做)……"，但翻译实践中不能拘泥于这种释义，不少情况下需要灵活变通。

The hippos, by depositing dung in the water, fed the fish that support the storks that destroy the rare trees.

8. "It occurred to sb. that…"意为"突然想到"，"It dawned on sb.that…"."突然想起"等。 从句是想起的内容。

I remember once being on a bus and looking at a stranger.

9. "It follows that…"="It hens as a result…"常常被译为"由此可见"，"因此"，"从前"，"可以推断"等等。

It follows that the housewife will also expect to be able to he more leisure in her life without lowering her standard of living.

10. "that's all there is to it "，意思是"也不过如此而已"。可根据上下文视情况处理。

If I'm touched, I'm touched-that's all there is to it. 我碰了就是碰了。

英语六大基本句型结构,用法,例句

主语+谓语。 例如：I know .

主语+谓语(系动词)+表语。 例如：I am hungry .

主语+谓语+宾语。 例如：I know her .

主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语。 例如：I hear him singing .

主语+谓语+宾语+状语。 例如：I saw him yesterday .

这是几种简单的句型结构，如要一次学全还得好好看看书。

初中英语句子成分例句及详解

1、Subject (主语) ＋ Verb (谓语动词)

2、Subject (主语) ＋ Link. V(系动词) ＋ Predicate(表语)复合谓语

3、Subject(主语) ＋ Verb (谓语动词) ＋ Object (宾语)

等。仅供参考。 扩展资料

　一、Subject (主语) ＋ Verb (谓语动词)

　这种句型中的动词大多是不及物动词，常见的动词如：work, sing, swim, fish, jump, arrive, come, die, disear, cry, hen等。如：1) Li Ming works very hard.李明学习很努力。2) The little girl cried even harder.小女孩哭得更厉害了。3) The accident hened yesterday afternoon.事故是昨天下午发生的。

　二、Subject (主语)＋Link. V(系动词)＋Predicate(表语)

　复合谓语这种句型主要用来表示主语的特点、身份等。其系动词一般可分为下列两类：(1)表示状态。这样的词有：be, remain, look, seem, smell, taste, sound, keep, feel等。如：1) This kind of food tastes delicious.这种食物吃起来很可口。2) He looked worried just now.刚才他看上去有些焦急。(2)表示变化。这类系动词有：become, turn, get, grow, go等。如：1) Spring comes. It is getting warmer and warmer.春天到了，天气变得越来越暖和。2) The tree has grown much taller than before.这棵树比以前长得高多了。

　三、Subject(主语)＋Verb (谓语动词)＋Object (宾语)

　这种句型中的动词一般为及物动词。其宾语通常由名词、代词、动词不定式、动名词或从句等来充当。例：1) He took his bag and left.（名词）他拿着书包离开了。2) Li Lei always helps me when I he difficulties. (代词) 当我遇到困难时，李雷总能给我帮助。3) She plans to trel in the coming May Day.（不定式）她打算在即将到来的“五一”外出旅游。4) I don’t know what I should do next. (从句)我不知道下一步该干什么。

　※只能跟不定式作宾语的动词：want, hope, expect, intend, demand, plan, decide, determine, promise, agree, refuse, prepare, manage, set out等。

　※只能跟动名词作宾语的动词：suggest, mind, enjoy, practice, finish, prevent, imagine, consider, look forward to, get used to, give up, can’t help等。

　四、Subject(主语)＋Verb(谓语动词)＋Indirect object(间接宾语)＋Direct object (直接宾语)

　这种句型中，直接宾语为主要宾语，在句中不可或缺，常常由表示“物”的名词来充当；间接宾语也被称之为第二宾语，去掉之后，对整个句子的影响不大，多由指“人”的名词或代词承担。引导这类双宾语的常见动词有：buy, pass, lend, give, tell, teach, show, bring, send等。如：1) Her father bought her a dictionary as a birthday present. 她爸爸给她买了一本词典作为生日礼物。2）The old man always tells the children stories about the heroes in theLong March.老人经常给孩子们讲述长征途中那些英雄的故事。上述句子还可以表达为：1）Her father bought a dictionary for her as a birthday present.2）The old man always tells stories about the heroes to the children in the Long March.

　五、Subject(主语)＋Verb (谓语动词)＋Object (宾语)＋Complement(补语)

　这种句型中的“宾语＋补语”统称为“复合宾语”。宾语补足语的主要作用或者是补充、说明宾语的特点、身份等；或者表示让宾语去完成的动作等。担任补语的'常常是名词、形容词、副词、介词短语、分词、动词不定式等。如：1）You should keep the room clean and tidy.你应该让屋子保持干净整洁。（形容词）2) We made him our monitor.(名词)我们选他当班长。3) His father told him not to play in the street.(不定式)他父亲告诉他不要在街上玩。●常见的动词有: tell, ask, advise, help, want, would like, order, force, allow等。●注意：动词he, make, let, see, hear, notice, feel, watch等后面所接的动词不定式作宾补时，不带to。如：1) The boss made him do the work all day.老板让他整天做那项工作。2) I heard her sing in the next room all the time last night.昨天晚上我听见她在隔壁唱了一个晚上。

　六、There be +主语+其它

　这一结构表示“某地有某物”。主语一般位于there be之后。值得关注的是，当句中有两个或更多的主语时，动词一般和最近的一个保持一致：1)There are two girls and a boy running on the playground.有两个女孩和一个男孩正在操场上跑。

　2）There is a cat behind the tree.树后面有一只猫。

英语句子的结构?

1. 主语（subject）：句子说明的人或事物。

The sun rises in the east （名词） He likes dancing. （代词）

Twenty years is a short time in history. (数词) Seeing is believing. （动名词）

To see is to believe.（不定式） What he needs is a book.（主语从句）

It is very clear that the elephant is round and tall like a tree.

（It形式主语，主语从句是真正主语）

(一）指出下列句中主语的中心词

① The teacher with two of his students is walking into the classroom.

② There is an old man coming here.

③ The useful dictionary was given by my mother last year.

④ To do today's homework without the teacher's help is very difficult.

2. 谓语（predicate）：是对主语加以陈述，表示主语的行为或状态，常用动词或者动词词组担任，放在主语的后面。

We study English. He is asleep.

(二). 选出句中谓语的中心词

① I don't like the picture on the wall. A. don't B. like C. picture D. wall

② The days get longer and longer when summer comes. A. get B. longer C. days D. summer

③ Do you usually go to school by bus? A. Do B. usually C. go D. bus

④ There will be a meeting at the library this afternoon.

A. will be B. meeting C. the library D. afternoon

⑤ Did the twins he porridge for their breakfast? A. Did B. twins C. he D. breakfast

3. 表语（predicative）：系动词之后的成分，表示主语的性质、状态和特征。

He is a teacher. （名词） Seventy-four! You don’t look it. （代词）

Five and five is ten. （数词） He is asleep. （形容词）

His father is in.（副词） The picture is on the wall. (介词短语)

My watch is gone / missing / lost. （形容词化的分词）

The question is whether they will come. （表语从句）

（常见的系动词有: be, sound（听起来）, look（看起来）, feel(摸起来，smell（闻起来）, taste（尝、吃起来）, remain（保持，仍是）, feel（感觉）……

It sounds a good idea. The sound sounds strange.

Her voice sounds sweet. Tom looks thin.

The food smells delicious. The food tastes good.

The door remains open. Now I feel tired.

(三) 挑出下列句中的表语

① The old man was feeling very tired. ② Why is he worried about Jim?

③ The lees he turned yellow. ④ Soon They all became interested in the subject.

⑤ She was the first to learn about it.

4. 宾语：1）动宾表示行为的对象，常由名词或者代词担任。放在及物动词或者介词之后。如：

I like China. （名词） He hates you. （代词）

How many do you need? We need two. （数词）I enjoy working with you. （动名词）

I hope to see you again. （不定式） Did you write down what he said? （宾语从句）

2） 介词后的名词、代词和动名词-----介宾

Are you afraid of the snake? Under the snow, there are many rocks.

3） 双宾语-----间宾（指人）和直宾（指物）

He ge me a book yesterday. Give the poor man some money.

(四) 挑出下列句中的宾语

① My brother hasn't done his homework.

② People all over the world speak English.

③ You must pay good attention to your pronunciation.

④ How many new words did you learn last class?

⑤ Some of the students in the school want to go swimming, how about you?

5. 宾补：对宾语的补充，全称为宾语补足语。

We elected him monitor. （名词） We all think it a pity that she didn’t come here. （名词）

We will make them hy. （形容词） We found nobody in. ( 副词 )

Please make yourself at home. （介词短语） Don’t let him do that. （省to不定式）

His father advised him to teach the lazy boy a lesson. （带to不定式）

Don’t keep the lights burning. （现在分词） I’ll he my bike repaired. （过去分词）

(五) 挑出下列句中的宾语补足语

① She likes the children to read newspapers and books in the reading-room.

② He asked her to take the boy out of school.

③ She found it difficult to do the work.

④ They call me Lily sometimes.

⑤ I saw Mr. Wang get on the bus.

⑥ Did you see Li Ming playing football on the playground just now?

6. 定语：修饰或限制名词或代词的词、词组或句子。

Ai Yanling is a chemistry teacher.（名词） He is our friend. （代词）

We belong to the third world.（数词） He was advised to teach the lazy boy a lesson.（形容词）

The man over there is my old friend.(副词)

The woman with a baby in her arms is my sister. (介词)

The boys playing football are in Class 2. （现在分词）

The trees planted last year are growing well now. （过去分词）

I he an idea to do it well.（不定式） You should do everything that I do. （定语从句）

(六) 挑出下列句中的定语

① They use Mr., Mrs. with the family name.

② What is your given name?

③ On the third lap are Class 1 and Class 3.

④ I am afraid some people forgot to sweep the floor.

⑤ The man downstairs was trying to sleep.

7. 状语：用来修饰v., adj., adv., or 句子。表示时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、程度、条件、方式和让步。（以下例句按上述顺序排列）

I will go there tomorrow. The meeting will be held in the meeting room.

The meat went bad because of the hot weather. He studies hard to learn English well.

He didn’t study hard so that he failed in the exam. I like some of you very much.

If you study hard, you will pass the exam. He goes to school by bike.

Though he is young, he can do it well.

(七) 挑出下列句中的状语

① There was a big smile on her face.

② Every night he heard the noise upstairs.

③ He began to learn English when he was eleven.

④ The man on the motorbike was trelling too fast.

⑤ With the medicine box under her arm, Miss Li hurried off.

(八) 划出句中的直接宾语和间接宾语

① Please tell us a story.

② My father bought a new bike for me last week.

③ Mr. Li is going to teach us history next term.

④ Here is a pen. Give it to Tom.

⑤ Did he lee any message for me?

参 考 答 案

(一) ① teacher ② man ③ dictionary ④ To do

(二) ① B ② A ③ C ④ A ⑤ C

(三) ① tired ② worried ③ yellow ④ interested ⑤ first

(四) ① his homework ② English ③ your pronunciation ④ new words ⑤ to go swimming

(五) ① to read newspapers and books in the reading-room ② to take the boy out of school

③ Lily ④ get on the bus ⑤ playing football on the playground

(六) ① family ② given ③ third ④ some ⑤ downstairs

(七) ① on the face ② Every night ③ when he was eleven ④ fast ⑤ off

(八) ① us, 间接宾语 a story, 直接宾语 ② me, 间接宾语 a new bike, 直接宾语

③ us, 间接宾语 history, 直接宾语 ④ Tom, 间接宾语 it, 直接宾语

⑤ me, 间接宾语 message, 直接宾语

英语句子结构分析

英语的句子有6种基本结构。

1．主语＋系动词＋表语（A is B.）

[例句]

哈佛是最早接受中国留学生的美国大学之一。

Harvard is among the first American universities to accept Chinese students.

2．主语＋及物动词＋宾语（A does B.）

[例句]

这些传统，对今天中国人的价值观念、生活方式和中国的发展道路，具有深刻的影响。

These traditions he exerted a profound impact on the values and way of life of the Chinese people, and on China’s road of development today.

3．主语＋不及物动词（A lees.）

[例句]

1847年，中国最早的一批留美学生容闳等人赴美求学。

In 1847, Chinese student Rong Hong and others came to the United States as the first group of Chinese students to study here.

4．主语＋及物动词＋双宾语（间接宾语指人，直接宾语指物）（A gives B something.）

[例句]

昨天，我参观了国际商用机器公司、美国电话电报公司和贝尔实验室，领略了当代科技发展的前沿成就。

My visit to IBM, AT&T and the Bell laboratory yesterday ge me some first-hand knowledge of the latest successes in modern science and technology.

5．主语＋及物动词＋复合宾语（即宾语＋宾语补足语）（A tells B to do something）

[例句]

今天，正在为实现现代化而奋斗的中国人民，把对外开放作为一项基本国策。

Today, the Chinese people who are struggling to achieve modernization he made the opening-up a basic state policy.

6．There＋系动词＋主语（There is a man.）

[例句]

在自由市场经济国家企业类型有多种多样。

There are many types of businesses in a free-market economy.

英语句子结构分析研究

简单句的句子结构，有5种。

一：S+V （主+谓）

二：S+V+P （主+系+表）

三：S+V+O （主+谓+宾）

四：S+V+IO+DO（主+谓+间宾+直宾）

五：S+V+DO+OC （主+谓+宾+宾补）

1. 主 + 谓（S+V）

“主语+谓语”

名词/代词/不定式/动名词 + 动词

谓语动词可以表达完整的意思，这类动词为不及物动词（vi）。

如果不理解什么是不及物动词，请移步

例句：

So?I?do, master. （Pat a cake）

Little Robin?chirped?and?sang.（Robin Redbreast）

2.主+系+表（S+V+P）

主语 +系动词 +表语

表语说明主语的状态和性质，可以是名词，形容词，副词，短语等。

系动词包括：

a. be 动词，am, is, are, was, were;

b. 表感官：feel, smell, sound, taste, look;

c. 表变化：become, grow, turn, go, get, fall;

d. 表状态：remain, keep, hold, stay, seem.

例句：

I'm?always?alone. （Little Jumping Joan）

The storms?grow?stronger.?（Lightening Days）

He?was?so?small. （Jerry Hall）

3. 主+谓+宾（S+V+O）

主语+谓语+宾语

谓语一般为及物动词（vt.），后面必须要跟宾语才能表达完整的意思。宾语是谓语动词动作的承受者。

例句：

They broke?my pitcher,?and?spilt?the water,?and?huffed?my mother,?and?chid?her?daughter,?and?kissed?my sister?instead of me. （A Melancholy Song）

I?met?a man?with seven wives. （Going to ST.ives）

We'll?he?a pudding?in half an hour. （Come out to Play）

March winds?and?April showersbring?forth?May flowers. （March winds）

（感谢?

@祁思言

的指正，这句应该放这里）

4. 主+谓+间宾+直宾

S+V+IO+O

这种句型，谓语动词必须要跟两个宾语才能表达完整意思。两个宾语分别是动作的直接承受者（一般是物）和间接承受者（一般是人）。

e.g.,

give sb sth = give sth to sb

tell sb sth = tell sth to sb

例句：

I'll?give?you?some bread,?and?some milk?by-and-by. （Baby Dolly）

She?passed him the salt. （感谢?

@elephant dick

的提醒，之前的例句放错了换成这个）

I'll?tell?you?a?story?about Jack-a-Nory. （I'll Tell You a Story）

5. 主+谓+宾+宾补

S+V+O+OC

此种情况，动词虽然跟了宾语，但句子意思不完整，需要跟上一个补足语，对宾语进行解释说明，句子意思才能完整通顺。

例句：

He'll sit in a barn, and?keep?himself?warm. （The Robin）

Three?straws?on a staff would?make?a?baby?cry and laugh.?（Three Straws）

I?had a little boy, and?called?him?Blue Bell. （Blue Bell Boy）

#英语# 导语随着全球化与多元文化的发展，英语正跻身为一种国际语言被广泛使用。以下是由 精心收集了英语句子结构，供大家欣赏学习!

篇一英语句子结构分析研究

　一、主语(subject): 句子说明的人或事物。

　The sun rises in the east. (名词)

　He likes dancing. (代词)

　Twenty years is a short time in history. (数词)

　Seeing is believing. (动名词)

　To see is to believe. (不定式)

　What he needs is a book. (主语从句)

　It is very clear that the elephant is round and tall like a tree.

　(It形式主语，主语从句是真正主语)

　二、谓语(predicate):说明主语的动作、状态和特征。

　We study English.

　He is asleep.

　三、表语(predicative):系动词之后的成分，表示主语的性质、状态和特征。

　He is a teacher. (名词)

　Seventy-four! You don’t look it. (代词)

　Five and five is ten. (数词)

　He is asleep. (形容词)

　His father is in. (副词)

　The picture is on the wall. (介词短语)

　My watch is gone / missing / lost. (形容词化的分词)

　To wear a flower is to say “I’m poor, I can’t buy a ring. ” (不定式)

　The question is whether they will come. (表语从句)

　常见的系动词有: be, sound(听起来)， look(看起来)， feel(摸起来)，smell(闻起来)，

　taste(尝、吃起来)， remain(保持，仍是)， feel(感觉) ….

　It sounds a good idea.

　The sound sounds strange.

　Her voice sounds sweet.

　Tom looks thin.

　The food smells delicious.

　The food tastes good.

　The door remains open.

　Now I feel tired.

　三、宾语：

　1)动作的承受者——动宾

　I like China. (名词)

　He hates you. (代词)

　How many do you need? We need two. (数词)

　We should help the old and the poor.

　I enjoy working with you. (动名词)

　I hope to see you again. (不定式)

　Did you write down what he said? (宾语从句)

　2)介词后的名词、代词和动名词——介宾

　Are you afraid of the snake?

　Under the snow, there are many rocks.

　3) 双宾语——间宾(指人)和直宾(指物)

　He ge me a book yesterday.

　Give the poor man some money.

篇二英语句子结构分析研究

　一、宾补：对宾语的补充，全称为宾语补足语。

　We elected him monitor. (名词)

　We all think it a pity that she didn’t come here. (名)

　We will make them hy. (形容词)

　We found nobody in. (副词)

　Please make yourself at home. (介词短语)

　Don’t let him do that. (省to不定式)

　His father advised him to teach the lazy boy a lesson. (带to不定式)

　Don’t keep the lights burning. (现在分词)

　I’ll he my bike repaired. (过去分词)

　二、主补：对主语的补充。

　He was elected monitor.

　She was found singing in the next room.

　He was advised to teach the lazy boy a lesson.

　三、定语：修饰或限制名词或代词的词、词组或句子。

　Ai Yanling is a chemistry teacher.(名词)

　He is our friend. (代词)

　We belong to the third world. (数词)

　He was advised to teach the lazy boy a lesson.(形容词)

　The man over there is my old friend.(副词)

　The woman with a baby in her arms is my sister. (介词)

　The boys playing football are in Cla2. (现在分词)

　The trees planted last year are growing well now. (过去分词)

　I he an idea to do it well. (不定式)

　You should do everything that I do. (定语从句)

　四、状语：用来修饰v., adj., adv., or 句子。 表示时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、程度、条件、方式和让步。

　(以下例句按上述顺序排列) I will go there tomorrow.

　The meeting will be held in the meetingroom.

　The meat went bad because of the hot weather.

　He studies hard to learn English well.

　He didn’t study hard so that he failed in the exam.

　I like some of you very much.

　If you study hard, you will pathe exam.

　He goes to school by bike.

　Though he is young, he can do it well.

篇三英语句子结构分析研究

　1、简单句

　简单句，即只有一个主谓结构的句子。除了特殊情况，英语句子中都有主语、谓语(或表语)，有时候还有宾语;而且除了倒装句等特殊句型，一般情况下，主语、谓语、宾语的先后顺序是固定的，不可能宾语跑到谓语前面，或者谓语跑到主语前面。目前很多语法书都把英语的简单句归纳为五种基本句型。实际上，英语简单句还可以简化为三种形式：

　主语 + 谓语(及物动词) + 宾语;I hate grammar.

　主语 + 谓语(不及物动词); Grammar sucks.

　主语 + 系动词 + 表语 Grammar is hell.

　所以，我们在阅读句子的时候，不管句子有多长，不管是并列句还是复合句，都必须首先分清各句中的主语、谓语(或表语)，有的句子中还包括宾语。因为主语、谓语、宾语中英语句子的主干，抓住了句子的主干，句子的基本意思就清楚了。

　2、并列句

　并列句就是两个或以上的简单句，由表示并列关系的连词或标点符号连接而成。常见的连词：and, not only...but also, neither...nor... or, either...or... otherwise，but, yet, while, so, for等。阅读中遇到并列关系的句子，一般情况下是以连词为界限，将句子分成前、后几个部分，并分别来分析，各句的意思一般可以单独理解，最后将各句合并即可。

　I hate grammar, / while he loves it. (以while为界，可分为前后两个小句子)

　3、 主从复合句

　主从复合句即是复杂句，它也是由两个以上的句子构成。与并列不同的是，各分句之间的意思是紧密相连的，所以我们不能简单地把各个句子拆开来看，而必须将各分句综合起来进行理解。有时候，分句里面有可能还包含分句。

　说到从句，我们还要介绍一下英语中的三大从句：名词性从句，形容词性从句和副词性从句。三大从句之下又包括纷繁复杂的从句形式：

　名词性从句：主语从句，宾语从句，表语从句， 同位语从句

　形容词性从句(定语从句)：限制性，非限制性

　副词性从句(状语从句)：时间，地点，原因，条件，目的，让步，方式，结果

　看到这里，可能有些同学又会产生抵触情绪了，其实这些细致的划分我们可以跳过，对于具体句子中的从句如何解决其实很简单，你只需知道从句做什么成分就可以了，从句做什么成分，就是个什么功能的从句。

　The sad thing is that the ugly man with a lot of money chooses living alone. (表语)

　What the ugly man chooses is living alone.(主语)

　We all know that the ugly man chooses living alone.(宾语)

　The thing that the ugly man with a lot of money chooses living alone was known to everyone. (同位语)

　The ugly man who has a lot of money chooses living alone.(定语)

　Although the ugly man has a lot of money, he chooses living alone.(状语)

　在阅读这样的复杂句的时候，首先要找出主句或从句从哪儿开始，到哪儿结束，首先理解主句的意思，最后再把从句的内容与主句综合起来。

　介绍完句子结构，就该说说复杂句子的解决方法了，那就是优先提取主干法。这种方法顾名思义就是先把句子的主干提取，因为主干是句子的精髓所在，然后再看其他补充或修饰的成分。

　One of the results of the conflict between the two factions was that [ what in previous years had been referred to as the "American", "native", or, occasionally, "New York" school (---the most representative school of American art in any genre--- ) 主语从句] ( had by 1890) was firmly established in the minds of critics and public alike as the Hudson River school. 表语从句

　首先找到句子主干成分："One of the results was..."很明显的主系表结构，that 引导的显然是个表语从句，表语从句中又有一个由What引导的主语从句，主干结构是"...was firmly established." 最后再加上修饰成分，句子就很容易分析了，也可以轻而易举的翻译并理解了：两个派别斗争的结果之一是：直到1890年，这个曾经被称作"美国的"、"本土的"、或者偶尔被称作是"纽约的"美国艺术题材中最有代表性的学派，以哈德逊河学派命名被稳固的建立在批评家和公众的思想之中了。

　优先提取主干是一个很有效地方法，如果我们具备了基本的句子结构知识，了解了句子的成分构成，先提取主干，抓住句子精髓，再看从句和其他部分，理清各个部分之间的关系，任何复杂的句子也就迎刃而解了。