1.英语句型结构1

2.英语语法的句型结构

3.英语中的句型结构介绍

4.求英语句子结构之类的。例如什么主语 谓语 宾语 ···

5.如何分辨简单句和复杂句,这两者的结构分别是??

英语的句子结构和基本句型的区别_英语句子基本结构例句

英语句子结构分为以下类型:

一、简单句(simple sentence):是基础句型,有“主语+谓语(SV)”、“主语+谓语+主语补语(CVC)”、“主语+谓语+宾语(SVO)”、“主语+谓语+宾语+宾语(SVOO)”、“主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补语(SVOC)”等五种基本结构。

其他各种句子基本上由此五种句型缩略或扩展而成。

二、并列句:(compound sentence):由两个或两个以上的简单句并列而成。常见的并列句结构是:简单句+等立连词+简单句。等立连词通常有:and、or、but、then、so等。

三、复合句(complex sentence):由一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句构成。主句是全句的主体,往往可以独立存在;而从句仅是全句的一个句子成分,故不能独立存在。

从句虽不能单独成句,但它也有主语部分和谓语部分。从句须有一个关联词引导。

引导从句的关联词有七类:

1、从属连词:whether、when、although、because、if等。

2、疑问代词:who、whom、whose、which、what等。

3、疑问副词:when、where、why、how.

4、关系代词:who、whom、whose、which、that.

5、关系副词:when、where、why.

6、缩合连接代词:what、whatever、who、whoever、that、whichever.

7、缩合连接副词:whenever、where、wherever、however.

英语句型结构1

英语的句型是语法的一类,英语的句子就是(完整的)一句话

语法就是语言的英文法则,语言的结构方式,这和句子是完全不同的两个概念

英语的句子按照结构可以分成三种,简单句,并列句,复合句

简单句的句型最基本可以分成五种

1主语+谓语

主语就是人或物,谓语由动词充当,表示人或物的某种行为(状态),就是简单的一个句子

2主语+谓语+宾语

表示人对宾语的对象的某种行为

3主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语

宾语有两个,间接宾语就是谓语需要借助间接宾语把动作传到直接宾语上

主要是一些动作需要这样

4主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语

宾语补足语主要是补充说明宾语的情况,它不是具体的单词,它是对宾语的补充

5主语+系动词+表语

一般感官类动词后边接形容词,be动词后边接名词或者不定式

这是很基础的,然后随着学习的阶段的关系还有更复杂的句型,句子就是很简单一句话就完了

英语语法的句型结构

一.简单句:

英语基本句型-1

主系表结构:本结构是由主语+系动词+表语组成,主要用以说明主语的特征,类属,状态,身份等。

系动词有:

1.表示特征和存在状态的 be, seem, feel, ear, look, smell, taste, sound;

2.表示状态延续的 remain, stay, keep, continue, stand;

3.表示状态变化的become, get, turn, go, run, fall, come, grow;

eg: Our English teacher is thirty years old.

The cake tastes delicious.

The potatoes went bad in the fields.

Deep water stays still.

He was at work.

She is in good health.

It is beyond my ability.

I was at a loss.

You are under arrest.

英语基本句型-2

主谓结构:本结构是由主语加不及物的谓语动词构成, 常用来表示主语的动作。

如:The sun rises.

Tom has already left.

主语可有修饰语-定语,谓语可有修饰语-状语。

如: 1. The red sun rises in the east.

2. They had to trel by air or boat.

3. She sat there alone.

4. He came back when we were eating.

5. Weak buildings will fall down in an earthquake。

英语基本句型-3

主谓宾结构:本结构是由主语+及物的谓语动词+宾语构成。宾语成分的多样化使得这一结构异常复杂。

如:1. Tom made a hole in the wall.

2. I don’t know if he can come tomorrow.

3. They hen’t decided where to go next.

4. She stopped teaching English two years ago.

英语基本句型-4

双宾语结构:此结构由“主语+及物谓语动词+间接宾语(人)+直接宾语(事物)”组成。如: He brings me cookies every day.

但若要先说出直接宾语(事物),后说间接宾语(人),则要借助于介词to或for。如: He brings cookies to me every day.

She made a beautiful dress for me.

用to侧重指动作的方向,表示朝着,向着,对着某人。

用for 侧重指动作的受益者,表示为了某人,替某人。

常跟双宾语的动词有:(需借助to的)bring, give, lend, hand, offer, pass, pay, promise, return, send, show, teach, tell, write, ask等;

(需借助for 的) buy, call, cook, choose, draw, find, get, make, order, sing, se, spare等。

英语基本句型-5

复合宾语结构: 此结构由“主语+及物的谓语动词+宾语+宾语补足语”构成。宾语补足语用来补充和说明宾语的性质和特点,若无宾语补足语,则句意不够完整。可以用做宾补的有:名词,形容词,副词,介词短语,动词不定式,分词等。

如: The sun keeps us warm.

I heard him singing.

They made Tom monitor.

He used to do his homework with his radio on.

My mother asked me to clean my room.

The teacher made all students finish their homework on time.

用 it 做形式宾语,而将真正的宾语放到宾语补足语的后面,以使句子结构平衡,是英语常用的句型结构方式。即:主语+谓语+it+宾补+真正宾语。如:

I found it very pleasant to be with your family.

也可以说 I found it was pleasant to be with your family. 它们的区别在于第一个是简单句第二个是复合句,意思都是一样的。

英语基本句型-6

There be 句型: 此句型是由“there+be+主语+状语”构成,用以表达存在关系可以称“……有……”。 它其实是全倒装的一种情况,主语位于谓语动词 be 之后,there 仅为引导词,并无实际语意。此句型有时不用be动词,而用 live, stand, come, go, lie, remain, exist, arrive等,但一般不用he。如:

There stands a hill in the middle of the park.

Once upon a time there lived an old king in the town.

Be 与其后的主语在人称和数量上一致,有时态和情态变化。如:

现在有 there is/are …

过去有 there was/were…

将来有 there will be…;there is /are going to be...

现在已经有 there has/he been…

可能有 there might be...

肯定有 there must be …/there must he been...

过去曾经有 there used to be …

似乎有 there seems/seem/seemed to be …

碰巧有 there hen/hens/hened to be …

Once, there lived an old fisherman in a village by the sea.

The weatherman says there’ll be a strong wind in the afternoon.

There used to be a cinema here before the war.

二.并列句。

结构:

1.由分号连接。

eg. Some people cry; others laugh.

Let’s start early; we he a long way to go.

2.由并列连词及词组连接-——and/ but /or/ so / however / still/ therefore /yet /while /otherwise /for /both…and…/not only…but also…/as well as/

or else/ either…or…/neither…nor…/not…but…等。

eg: I’d like to, but I he lots of homework to do.

I’ve got a cold, so I’m going to bed.

Both my father and mother are teachers.

It’s very good, yet I don’t like it.

三、复合句

构成:由一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句构成。主句和从句都有完整的主谓结构,但主句是全局的主体,从句只是全句中的一个成分,不能独立存在。从句通常是用引导词来引导的,引导词起连接主句和从句的作用。

分类:名词性从句(主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位语从句),形容词性从句(定语从句),副词性从句(状语从句)。

1. 主语从句(Subject Clause)

一个句子在复合句中充当一个主语,那么这个句子就是主语从句.

1)常规主语从句,句子在复合句中充当主语

That he finished writing the composition in such a short time surprised us all.

Whether we will go for an outing tomorrow remains unknown.

Who will be our monitor hasn't been decided yet.

Whom we must study for is a question of great importance.

What caused the accident remains unknown.

Whatever you did is right.

Whose watch was lost is unknown.

What we need is time.

小结:

(1)引导主语从句连词有that,whether,who,what,whatever等

(2)连词位于句首不能省略

(3)主语从句大多数情况下视为三人称单数。

注意:为了防止句子头重脚轻,通常把形式主语it放在主语位置,真正主语搁置于句末

It is certain that he will win the match.

It is true that he has made a very important discovery in chemistry.

It is strange that he should do that.

It is said that he has gone to shanghai.(=He is said to he gone to shanghai)

It is known to all that the gun powder was first invented by the Chinese.

It is suggested that the work should be done with great care.

It seems that he has seen the film.(=He seems to he seen the film)

It hened that the two cheats were there. (=The two cheats hened to be there)

小结:

(1)以that 引出的主语从句,常以形式主语it引导. It is +形容词/名词/某些动词ed + that 从句.

(2) 在有些that从句中要用虚拟语气 (should+do/should+he done)

2.表语从句

定义:

表语从句就是用一个句子作为表语。

The problem is puzzling.

主语 连系动词 形容词作表语

The problem is when we can get a pay rise.

主语 连系动词 一个句子作表语---表语从句

连接表语从句的连接词有:that, what, who, when, where, which, why, whether,how.

He has become a teacher.

He has become what he wanted to be ten years ago.

She has remained there for an hour.

She has remained where I stood yesterday for an hour.

His suggestion is good.

His suggestion is that we should stay calm.

The question is confusing.

The question is when he can arrive at the hotel.

Who will trel with me to Beijing tomorrow.

Why he cried yesterday.

How I can persuade her to join us in the party.

注意:

1.表语从句一定要用陈述语序。

False: The question is when can he arrive at the hotel.

Right: The question is when he can arrive at the hotel.

2.不用if,而用whether 连接表语从句(as if 例外)。

False: The question is if the enemy is marching towards us.

Right: The question is whether the enemy is marching towards us.

Right: It looked as if he had understood this question.

3.像宾语从句,在有表语从句的复合句中,主句时态和从句时态可以不一致。

Right: The question is who will trel with me to Beijing tomorrow.

Right: The question is why he cried yesterday.

4.that 在表语从句中不能省掉。

3. 宾语从句

在句子中起宾语作用的从句叫做宾语从句.

构成:带有宾语从句的复合句就是用连接词把一个主句和一个宾语从句连接在一起。连接词有:that(可省略),what, who, when, where, why, which, if, whether, how.

He suggested (that) we should clean the corridor every day.

宾语

He told me (that) he would lee Dalian airport at 8pm.

间接宾语 直接宾语

He told me where he was going to trel that summer.

间接宾语 直接宾语

He told that he would go to the college the next year.

I don’t know if there will be a bus any more.

Nobody knew whether he could pass the exam.

Do you know who has won Red Alert game?

I don’t know whom you should depend on.

The book will show you what the best CEOs know.

He you determined whichever you should buy,a Motorola or Nokia cell phone?

He didn’t tell me when we should meet again.

Could you please tell me how you read the new book?

None of us knows where these can be bought.

注意:

1.用形式宾语it代替的宾语从句

①动词find,feel,consider,make,believe等后面有宾语补足语的时候,则需要用it做形式宾语而将that宾语从句后置.

I think it necessary that we take plenty of hot water every day .

I feel it a pity that I hen’t been to the get-together.

I he made it a rule that I keep diaries.

We all find it important that we (should) make a quick decision about this mater.

②有些动词带宾语从句时需要在宾语与从句前加it

这类动词主要有:hate, take , owe, he, see to.

I hate it when they with their mouths full of food.

He will he it that our plan is really practical.

We take it that you will agree with us.

2.介词的宾语从句

We are talking about whether we admit students into our club.

The new book is about how Shenzhou 6 manned spaceship was sent up into space.

有时候except,but,besides三个介词后可见到that引导的宾语从句

I know nothing about my new neighbor except that he used to work with a company.

3.形容词的宾语从句

常用来引导宾语从句的形容词有: sure, certain,glad,please,hy,sorry,afraid,satisfied,surprised

I am sure I will pass the exam.

I am sorry that I he troubled you so long.

He is glad that Li Ming went to see him when he was ill.

4. if,whether在宾语从句中的区别

whether后可以加or not,但是if不可以.

在不定式前只能用whether.

I can’t decide whether to stay.

⑤避免歧异时,我们常用whether而不用if.

5.宾语从句的否定转移

动词是think,believe,imagine,suppose,consider,espect,fancy,guess等,并且主句的主语是第一人称而且为一般现在时,从句的否定词一般要转移到主句上来,其反义疑问句一般与宾语从句一致.

I don’t think he will come to my party.而不能说成I think he won’t come to my party.

I don’t believe that man is killed by Jim,is he?

如果宾语从句中有某个含有否定意义的形容词或副词,其反义疑问句要用肯定形式.

We find that he never listens to the teacher carefully,does he?

6.宾语从句的时态和语序

当主句为现在时或将来时的时候,宾语从句的时态一般不受主句的时态所影响.

当主句为过去时的时候,从句用相应的过去时态

I only knew he was studying in a western country,but I didn’t know what country he was in.

He asked me if I was reading the story The Old Man and the Sea when he was in.

He told me that he had told Mary about the meeting already.

The reporter asked if the would take necessary measures to put down the to-do.

如果从句是一个客观真理,那么从句的时候不根据主句的时态而变化

The teacher said that the moon goes around the earth yesterday.

当宾语从句的引导词是who,which,what,when,where,how,why等表疑问时,不能按正常语序安排,经常将这类引导词置于句首

Who do you think the public might choose as their forite singer this year?

7.建议 suggest , advise

要求demand 、desire、require、request、propose;

决定 decide;

命令 order、command;

坚决主张 insist;等动词后跟宾语从句,用(should)+v.(虚拟语气)

eg. I suggested that you(should)study hard.

He ordered that we should go out at once.

4.同位语从句

一、在复合句中用作同位语的从句叫同位语从句。它一般跟在某些名词后面,用以说明该名词表示的具体内容。如:

I heard the news that our team had won.

I had no idea that you were here.

二、可以跟同位语从句的名词通常有news,idea,fact,promise,question,dou,thought,hope,message,suggestion,words(消息),possibility等。如:

I’ve come from Mr wang with a message that he won’t be able to see you this afternoon.

三、英语中引导同位语从句的词通有连词 that,whether,连接副词 how,when,where等。(注:if,which 不能引导同位语从句。)如:

l he no idea When he will be back.

He must answer the question whether he agrees to it or not.

四、有时同位语从句可以不紧跟在说明的名词后面,而被别的词隔开。 如:

Several years later,word came that Napoleon himself was coming to inspect them.

The thought came to him that maybe the enemy had fled the city.

英语中的句型结构介绍

句子按其结构可分为简单句、并列句和复合句。 基本形式:简单句的基本形式是由一个主语加一个谓语构成。其它各种句子形式都是由此句型发展而来,如五大基本句型:

(1)主语+谓语(s.+predicate)

这种句型简称为主谓结构,其谓语一般都是不及物动词,例:

Things change.事物是变化的。

Nobody went.没有人去。

--Did you go by sea?你们走的是海路吗?

--NO,we flew.不,我们是飞去。

(2)主语+系动词+表语(s.+link v.+predicative)

这种句型称为主系表结构,其实联系动词在形式上也是一种谓语动词,系动词与表语一起构成了复合谓语,例:

Mr. Turner is an artist.特纳先生是位画家。

(3)主语+谓语+宾语(s.+predicate+o.)

这种句型可称为主谓宾结构,它的谓语一般多是及物动词,例:

We never beat children.我们从来不打孩子。

(4)主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语(s.+predicate+oi.+od.)

这种句型可称为主谓宾宾结构,其谓语应是可有双宾语的及物动词,两个宾语一个是间接宾语,一个是直接宾语,例:

He ge the book to his sister.他把这本书给了他的妹妹。

(5)主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语(s.+predicate+o.+o.c.)

这种句型可简称为主谓宾补结构,其补语是宾语补语,与宾语一起即构成复合宾语,例:

I found the book easy.我发现这本书不难。(形容词easy作补语)

I'll let him go.我将让他去。(不定式go用作补语)

注意:有时两个或更多的并列主语拥有一个共同的谓语,甚至并列有两个主语和两个谓语,这样的句子仍然是简单句,例:

China and other countries in the east Asia are developing rapidly.中国和东亚其它国家正在迅速地发展。(China and other countries并列主语)

Mr. Wang and I often work together and help each other.王先生和我常在一起工作互相帮助。 复杂句(Complex Sentence)由一个主句(Principal Clause)和一个或一个以上的从句(Subordinate Clause)构成。

主句是全句的主体,通常可以独立存在;从句则是一个句子成分,不能独立存在。

从句不能单独成句,但它也有主语部分和谓语部分,就像一个句子一样。所不同在于,从句须由一个关联词(connective)引导。

从句

名词性从句

在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词性从句(Noun Clauses)。名词性从句的功能相当于名词词组,它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等,因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能,名词性从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。

主语从句

作句子主语的从句叫主语从句。主语从句通常由从属连词that,whether,if和连接代词what,who,which,whatever,whoever以及连接副词how,when,where,why等词引导。that在句中无词义,只起连接作用;连接代词和连接副词在句中既保留自己的疑问含义、又起连接作用,在从句中充当从句的成分。例如:

What he wants to tell us is not clear. 他要跟我们说什么,还不清楚。

如果what-分句本身明显表示复数意义,比如what分句的动词和补语都是复数,那么主句动词也可用复数。

如:What I say and think are none of your business.(我说的和我想的都与你无关。)注意:当what引导的名词性分句作主语时,主谓一致问题极为复杂。著名学者周海中教授在论文《关于what-分句作主语的主谓一致问题》中就这一问题做了深入研究,并给出了10种的主谓一致关系。这些一致关系值得英语学习者和使用者特别注意。

有时为避免句子头重脚轻,常用形式主语it代替主语从句作形式主语放于句首,而把主语从句置于句末。主语从句后的谓语动词一般用单数形式。常用句型如下:

⑴It + be + 名词+ that从句

⑵It + be + 形容词+ that从句

⑶It + be + 动词的过去分词+ that从句

⑷It +不及物动词+ that 从句

另注意在主语从句中用来表示惊奇、不相信、惋惜、理应如此等语气时,谓语动词要用虚拟语气“(should) +do”,常用的句型有:

It is necessary (important, natural, strange, etc.) that …

It is suggested (requested, proposed, desired, etc.) that…

宾语从句

名词句用作宾语的从句叫宾语从句。引导宾语从句的关联词与引导主语从句表语从句的关联词大致一样,在句中可以作谓语动词或介词及非谓语动词的宾语。

1. 由连接词that引导的宾语从句

由连接词that引导宾语从句时,that在句中不担任任何成分,在口语或非正式的文体中常被省去,但如从句是并列句时,第二个分句前的that不可省。例如:

He has told me that he will go to Shanghai tomorrow. 他已经告诉我他明天要去上海。

We must never think (that) we are good in everything while others are good in nothing. 我们决不能认为自己什么都好,别人什么都不好。

注意:在demand、order、suggest、decide、insist, desire, request, command, dou等表示要求、命令、建议、决定等意义的动词后,宾语从句常用“(should)+ 动词原形”。例如:

I insist that she (should) do her work alone. 我坚持要她自己工作。

The commander ordered that troops (should) set off at once. 司令员命令部队马上出发。

2.用who, whom, which, whose, what, when, where, why, how, whoever, whatever, whichever等关联词引导的宾语从句相当于特殊疑问句,应注意句子语序要用陈述语序。例如:

I want to know what he has told you. 我想知道他告诉了你什么。

3. 用whether或if引导的宾语从句,其主语和谓语的顺序也不能颠倒,仍保持陈述句语序。此外,whether与if 在作“是否”的意思讲时在下列情况下一般只能用whether,不用if:

a. 引导主语从句并在句首时;b. 引导表语从句时;c. 引导从句作介词宾语时;d. 从句后有“or not”时;e. 后接动词不定式时。例如:

Whether there is life on the moon is an interesting question. 月球上有没有生命是个有趣的问题。

4. 注意宾语从句中的时态呼应,当主句动词是现在时,从句根据自身的句子情况,而使用

不同时态。例如:

he studies English every day. (从句用一般现在时)

he studied English last term. (从句用一般过去时)

I know (that) he will study English next year. (从句用一般将来时)

he has studied English since 1998. (从句用现在完成时)

当主句动词是过去时态(could, would除外),从句则要用相应的过去时态,如一般过去时,过去进行时,过去将来时等;当从句表示的是客观真理,科学原理,自然现象,则从句仍用现在时态。例如:

The teacher told us that Tom had left us for America.

5. think, believe, imagine, suppose等等动词引起的否定性宾语从句中,要把上述主句中的动词变为否定式。即将从句中的否定形式移到主句中。例如:

We don’t think you are here. 我们认为你不在这。

I don’t believe he will do so. 我相信他不会这样做。

表语从句

在句中作表语的从句叫表语从句。引导表语从句的关联词与引导主语从句的关联词大致一样,表语从句位于联系动词后,有时用as if引导。其基本结构为:主语+ 系动词+ that从句。例如:

The fact is that we he lost the game. 事实是我们已经输了这场比赛。

That’s just what I want. 这正是我想要的。

This is where our problem lies. 这就是我们的问题所在。

That is why he didn’t come to the meeting. 那就是他为什么不到会的原因。

It looks as if it is going to rain. 看上去天要下雨了。

需要注意的,当主语是reason时,表语从句要用that引导而不是because。例如:

The reason why he was late was that he missed the train by one minute this morning.

注意whether 可引导表语从句,但与之同义的if却通常不用于引导表语从句。

同位语从句

同位语从句说明其前面的名词的具体内容。同位语从句通常由that引导,可用于同位语从句的名词有advice、demand、dou、fact、hope、idea、information、message、news、order、problem、promise、question、request、suggestion、truth、wish、word等。例如:

The news that we won the game is exciting. 我们赢得这场比赛的消息令人激动。

I he no idea when he will come back home. 我不知道他什么时候回来。

The thought came to him that Mary had probably fallen ill. 他想到可能玛丽生病了。

同位语从句和定语从句的区别:

that作为关系代词,可以引导定语从句,充当句子成分,在从句中作宾语时可以省略;that引导同位语从句时,起连词的作用,没有实际意义,不充当句子成分,一般不能省略。

试比较下面两个例句:

I had no idea that you were here.(that引导同位语从句,不能省略)

He you got the idea(that)this book gives you of life in ancient Greece?(that引导定语从句,作宾语,可以省略)

其他从句

that从句

5.1)由从属连词that引导的从句叫做名词性that-从句。That只起连接主句和从句的作用,在从句中不担任任何成分,本身也没有词义。名词性that-从句在句中能充当主 语、宾语、表语、同位语和形容词宾语,例如:

主语:That she is still alive is her luck. 她还活着全靠运气。

宾语:John said that he was leing for London on Wednesday. 约翰说他星期三要到伦敦去。

表语:The fact is that he has not been seen recently. 事实是最近谁也没有见过他。

同位语:The fact that he has not been seen recently disturbs everyone in his office.

最近谁也没有见过他,这一事实令办公室所有的人不安。

形容词宾语:I am glad that you are satisfied with your job.

你对工作满意我感到很高兴。

5.2)That-从句做主语通常用it作先行词,而将that-从句置于句末,例如:

It is quite clear that the whole project is doomed to failure. 很清楚,整个注定要失败。

It's a pity that you should he to lee. 你非走不可真是件憾事。

用it作形式主语的that-从句有以下四种不同的搭配关系:

a. It + be +形容词+ that-从句

It is necessary that… 有必要……

It is important that… 重要的是……

It is obvious that… 很明显……

b. It + be + -ed分词+ that-从句

It is believed that… 人们相信……

It is known to all that… 众所周知……

It has been decided that… 已决定……

c. It + be +名词+ that-从句

It is common knowledge that… ……是常识

It is a surprise that… 令人惊奇的是……

It is a fact that… 事实是……

d. It +不及物动词+ that-从句

It ears that… 似乎……

It hens that… 碰巧……

It occurred to me that… 我突然想起……

wh-从句

6.1)由wh-词引导的名词从句叫做名词性wh-从句。Wh-词包括who, whom, whose, whoever, what, whatever, which, whichever等连接代词和where, when, how, why等连接副词。Wh-从句的语法功能除了和that-从句一样外,还可充当介词宾语、宾语补语和间接宾语等,例如:

主语:How the book will sell depends on its author. 书销售如何取决于作者本人。

直接宾语:In one's own home one can do what one likes. 在自己家里可以随心所欲。

间接宾语:The club will give whoever wins a prize.

俱乐部将给得胜者设奖。

表语:My question is who will take over president of the Foundation. 我的问题是谁将接任该基金会职位。

宾语补足语:She will name him whatever she wants to. 她高兴给他起什么名字就取什么名字。

同位语: I he no idea when he will return.

我不知道他什么时候回来。

形容词宾语:I'm not sure why she refused their invitation. 我尚不能肯定她为什么拒绝他们的邀请。

介词宾语:That depends on where we shall go.

那取决于我们去哪儿。

6.2)Wh-从句做主语也常用先行词it做形式主语,而将wh-从句置于句末,例如:

It is not yet decided who will do that job.

还没决定谁做这项工作。

It remains unknown when they are going to get married. 他们何时结婚依然不明。

if,whether从句

7.1)yes-no型疑问从句

从属连词if, whether引导的名词从句是由一般疑问句或选择疑问转化而来的,因此也分别被称为yes-no型疑问句从句和选择型疑问从句,其功能和wh-从句的功能相同, 例如:

主语:Whether the plan is feasible remains to be proved. 这一是否可行还有等证实。

宾语:Let us know whether / if you can finish the article before Friday. 请让我们知道你是否能在星期五以前把文章写完。

表语:The point is whether we should lend him the money. 问题在于我们是否应该借钱给他。

同位语:They are investigating the question whether the man is trustworthy. 他们调查他是否值得信赖。

形容词宾语:She's douful whether we shall be able to come. 她怀疑我们是否能够前来。

介词宾语:I worry about whether he can pass through the crisis of his illness. 我担心他是否能度过疾病的危险期。

7.2)选择性疑问从句

选择性疑问从句由关联词if/whether…or或whether…or not构成,例如:

Please tell me whether / if they are Swedish or Danish. 请告诉我他们是瑞典人还是丹麦人。

I don't care whether you like the plan or not.我不在乎你是否喜欢该。

if和whether的区别:

1、 在动词不定式之前只能用whether。如:

例8 I can’t decide whether to stay. 我不能决定是否留下。

2、 在whether …… or not 的固定搭配中。如:

例9 I want to know whether it’s good news or not . 我想知道是否是好消息。

3 、在介词后,只能用whether。如:

例10 His father is worried about whether he lose his work . 他的父亲担心是否会失去工作。

4、宾语从句放在句首表示强调时,只能用whether。如:

Whether this is true or not, I really don’t know. 这是否真的,我真的不知道。

(例11 Whether they can finish the work on time is still a problem . 他们是否能准时完成这项工作还是个问题。--此例为主语从句,有误,感谢指出)

5、用if会引起歧义时,只用whether。如:

例12 Could you tell me if you know the answer

这句话有两种意思:“你能告诉我是否知道答案吗?”或“如果你知道答案,请告诉我,好吗?”。如用whether可避免歧义。

形容词性从句

定语从句(Attributive Clauses)在句中做定语,修饰一个名词或代词,被修饰的名词,词组或代词即先行词。定语从句通常出现在先行词之后,由关系词(关系代词或关系副词)引出。

含义:在定语的位置上是个句子。

why

关系副词why主要用于修饰表原因的名词(主要是the reason),同时它在定语从句中用作原因状语。如:

We don’t know the reason why he didn’t show up. 我们不知道他为什么没有来。

She didn’t tell me the reason why she refused the offer. 她没跟我讲她拒绝这项工作的原因。

与关系副词when和where不同,why可以换成that或省略。如:

That’s one of the reasons (why, that) I asked you to come. 这就是我请你来的原因之一。

另外,与关系副词when和where可以引导非限制性定语从句不一样,why只能引导限制性定语从句,不能引导非限制性定语从句。如:

他失去工作的主要原因是他喝酒。

误:The main reason, why he lost his job, was that he drank.

正:The main reason why he lost his job was that he drank.

when

关系副词when主要用于修饰表时间的名词,同时它在定语从句中用作时间状语。如:

There comes a time when you he to make a choice. 你必须作出抉择的时候到了。

Gone are the days when they could do what they liked. 他们为所欲为的日子一去不复返了。

We’ll put off the picnic until next week, when the weather may be better. 我们将把野餐推迟到下星期,那时天气可能会好一点。

注意不要一见到先行词为时间名词,就以为一定要用关系副词when来引导定语从句,同时还要看它在定语从句中充当什么成分——如果在定语从句中用作时间状语,就用when;如果在定语从句中不是用作时间状语,而是用作主语或宾语,那就不能用when,而要用that, which等。如:

Don’t forget the time (that, which) I’ve told you. 不要忘记我告诉你的时间。

关系代词that / which在定语从句中用作动词told的宾语,正因为是用作宾语,所以也可以省略。

where

关系副词where主要用于修饰表地点的名词,同时它在定语从句中用作地点状语。如:

This is the village where he was born. 这就是他出生的村子。

That’s the hotel where we were staying last summer. 这就是我们去年夏天住的旅馆。

Barbary was working in Aubury, where she went daily in a bus.巴巴拉在奥伯里工作,每天得坐公共汽车去上班。

与前面when的情况一样,注意不要一见到先行词为地点名词,就以为一定要用关系副词where来引导定语从句,同时还要看它在定语从句中充当什么成分——如果在定语从句中用作地点状语,就用where;如果在定语从句中不是用作地点状语,而是用作主语或宾语,那就不能用where,而要用that, which等。如:

He works in a factory that [which] makes TV sets. 他在一家电视机厂工作。

关系代词that / which在定语从句中用作主语。

另外注意,where有时还可用于抽象名词后引导定语从句。如:

We he reached a point where a change is needed. 我们到了必须改一改的地步。

There are cases where the word “mighty”is used as an adverb. 在一些情况下,mighty一词可用作副词。

He got into a situation where it is hard to decide what is right and wrong. 他陷入一种难以分辨是非的局面。

I don’t want a job where I’m chained to a desk all day. 我不想找一份整天坐办公桌前的工作。

求英语句子结构之类的。例如什么主语 谓语 宾语 ···

 英语中的句型结构大体上可以分为三种,分别是:简单句、并列句和复合句,下面由为您推荐《英语中的句型结构介绍》,希望对您有帮助,欢迎您访问浏览更多考试资讯。

  句型结构

 句子按其结构可分为简单句、并列句和复合句。

  简单句(Simple Sentence)

 基本形式:简单句的基本形式是由一个主语加一个谓语构成。其它各种句子形式都是由此句型发展而来,如五大基本句型:

  (1)主+谓 (Subject+Verb)

 这种句型简称为主谓结构,其谓语一般都是不及物动词,例:

 Things change.事物是变化的。

 Nobody went.没有人去。

 --Did you go by sea?你们走的是海路吗?

 --NO,we flew.不,我们是飞去。

  (2)主+联系动词+表

 这种句型称为主系表结构,其实联系动词在形式上也是一种谓语动词,系动词与表语一起构成了复合谓语,例:

 Mr. Turner is an artist.特纳先生是位画家。

  (3)主+谓+宾(Subject+Verb+Object)

 这种句型可称为主谓宾结构,它的谓语一般多是及物动词,例:

 We never beat children.我们从来不打孩子。

  (4)主+谓+宾+宾

 这种句型可称为主谓宾宾结构,其谓语应是可有双宾语的及物动词,两个宾语一个是间接宾语,一个是直接宾语,例:

 He ge the book to his sister.他把这本书给了他的妹妹。

  (5)主+谓+宾+宾补

 这种句型可简称为主谓宾补结构,其补语是宾语补语,与宾语一起即构成复合宾语,例:

 I found the book easy.我发现这本书不难。(形容词easy作补语)

 I'll let him go.我将让他去。(不定式go用作补语)

 注意:有时两个或更多的并列主语拥有一个共同的谓语,甚至并列有两个主语和两个谓语,这样的句子仍然是简单句,例:

 China and other countries in the east Asia are developing rapidly.中国和东亚其它国家正在迅速地发展。(China and other countries并列主语)

 Mr. Wang and I often work together and help each other.王先生和我常在一起工作互相帮助。

It 引导结构

 It 既是代词又是引词。作代词时,它可做人称代词、指示代词、非人称代词,用于前指、非确指或习语中。作引词时,它本身无实义,只起先行引导的作用。可作形式主语(it is + adj. + for/of sb. to do sth.)或形式宾语(it + adj. + to do sth.),真实的主语或宾语是不定式、动名词或名词从句,它们则放在后面。It 也用于强调句结构。如想强调某个词或部分,可用it is (was) + 强调部分(主语、宾语或状语) + that(who)?的强调结构。本章要求了解代词it 和引词it 的各种用法,重点掌握it 用于前指或后指;引导词it 用于强调结构。

  并列句(Compound Sentence)

 两个或两个以上的简单句用并列连词连在一起构成的句子,叫做并列句,其基本结构是?简单句+并列连词+简单句?。并列连词有:and, but, or, so等。并列句是由两个或两个以上的简单句连接而成。并列句中的各简单句意义同等重要,相互之间没有从属关系,是平行并列的关系。它们之间用连词连结。

  复合句(Complex Sentence)

 复合句(Complex Sentence)由一个主句(Principal Clause)和一个或一个以上的从句(Subordinate Clause)构成。

 主句是全句的主体,通常可以独立存在;从句则是一个句子成分,不能独立存在。

 从句不能单独成句,但它也有主语部分和谓语部分,就像一个句子一样。所不同在于,从句须由一个关联词(connective)引导。

如何分辨简单句和复杂句,这两者的结构分别是??

英语句型结构

一.简单句:

英语基本句型-1

主系表结构:本结构是由主语+系动词+表语组成,主要用以说明主语的特征,类属,状态,身份等。

系动词有:

1.表示特征和存在状态的 be, seem, feel, ear, look, smell, taste, sound;

2.表示状态延续的 remain, stay, keep, continue, stand;

3.表示状态变化的become, get, turn, go, run, fall, come, grow;

eg: Our English teacher is thirty years old.

The cake tastes delicious.

The potatoes went bad in the fields.

Deep water stays still.

He was at work.

She is in good health.

It is beyond my ability.

I was at a loss.

You are under arrest.

英语基本句型-2

主谓结构:本结构是由主语加不及物的谓语动词构成, 常用来表示主语的动作。

如:The sun rises.

Tom has already left.

主语可有修饰语-定语,谓语可有修饰语-状语。

如: 1. The red sun rises in the east.

2. They had to trel by air or boat.

3. She sat there alone.

4. He came back when we were eating.

5. Weak buildings will fall down in an earthquake。

英语基本句型-3

主谓宾结构:本结构是由主语+及物的谓语动词+宾语构成。宾语成分的多样化使得这一结构异常复杂。

如:1. Tom made a hole in the wall.

2. I don’t know if he can come tomorrow.

3. They hen’t decided where to go next.

4. She stopped teaching English two years ago.

英语基本句型-4

双宾语结构:此结构由“主语+及物谓语动词+间接宾语(人)+直接宾语(事物)”组成。如: He brings me cookies every day.

但若要先说出直接宾语(事物),后说间接宾语(人),则要借助于介词to或for。如: He brings cookies to me every day.

She made a beautiful dress for me.

用to侧重指动作的方向,表示朝着,向着,对着某人。

用for 侧重指动作的受益者,表示为了某人,替某人。

常跟双宾语的动词有:(需借助to的)bring, give, lend, hand, offer, pass, pay, promise, return, send, show, teach, tell, write, ask等;

(需借助for 的) buy, call, cook, choose, draw, find, get, make, order, sing, se, spare等。

英语基本句型-5

复合宾语结构: 此结构由“主语+及物的谓语动词+宾语+宾语补足语”构成。宾语补足语用来补充和说明宾语的性质和特点,若无宾语补足语,则句意不够完整。可以用做宾补的有:名词,形容词,副词,介词短语,动词不定式,分词等。

如: The sun keeps us warm.

I heard him singing.

They made Tom monitor.

He used to do his homework with his radio on.

My mother asked me to clean my room.

The teacher made all students finish their homework on time.

用 it 做形式宾语,而将真正的宾语放到宾语补足语的后面,以使句子结构平衡,是英语常用的句型结构方式。即:主语+谓语+it+宾补+真正宾语。如:

I found it very pleasant to be with your family.

也可以说 I found it was pleasant to be with your family. 它们的区别在于第一个是简单句第二个是复合句,意思都是一样的。

英语基本句型-6

There be 句型: 此句型是由“there+be+主语+状语”构成,用以表达存在关系可以称“……有……”。 它其实是全倒装的一种情况,主语位于谓语动词 be 之后,there 仅为引导词,并无实际语意。此句型有时不用be动词,而用 live, stand, come, go, lie, remain, exist, arrive等,但一般不用he。

There stands a hill in the middle of the park.

Once upon a time there lived an old king in the town.

Be 与其后的主语在人称和数量上一致,有时态和情态变化。如:

现在有 there is/are …

过去有 there was/were…

将来有 there will be…;there is /are going to be...

现在已经有 there has/he been…

可能有 there might be...

肯定有 there must be …/there must he been...

过去曾经有 there used to be …

似乎有 there seems/seem/seemed to be …

碰巧有 there hen/hens/hened to be …

Once, there lived an old fisherman in a village by the sea.

The weatherman says there’ll be a strong wind in the afternoon.

There used to be a cinema here before the war.

二.并列句。

结构1.由分号连接。

eg. Some people cry; others laugh.

Let’s start early; we he a long way to go.

哈,幸好有一份 加分给你详细的

简单句

 根据语法形式,即句子的结构,英语的句子可分为简单句、并列句和复合句.

 简单句的基本形式是由一个主语加一个谓语构成.其它各种句子形式都是由此句型发展而来,如五大基本句型:

 1.主语+谓语,这种句型简称为主谓结构,其谓语一般都是不及物动词,例:

 Things change.事物是变化的.

 Nobody went.没有人去.

 --Did you go by sea?你们走的是海路吗?

 --NO,we flew.不,我们是飞去.

 2.主语+连系动词+表语,这种句型称为主系表结构,其实连系动词在形式上也是一种谓语动词,但实质上表语成了谓语,例:

 Mr.Turner is an artist.特纳先生是位画家.

 The milk turned sour.牛奶变酸了.

 She became a lawyer.她当了律师.

 3.主语+谓语+宾语,这种句型可称为主谓宾结构,它的谓语一般多是及物动词,例:

 We never beat children.我们从来不打孩子.

 My sister will fix everything.我姐姐会料理一切.

 4.主语+谓语+宾语+宾语,这种句型可称为主谓宾宾结构,其谓语应是可有双宾语的及物动词,两个宾语一个是间接宾语,一个是直接宾语,例:

 He ge the book to his sister.他把这本书给了他的妹妹.

 I'll write you a long letter.我将写给你一封长信.

 5.主语+谓语+宾语+宾补,这种句型可简称为主谓宾补结构,其补语是宾语补语,与宾语一起即构成复合宾语,例:

 I found the book easy.我发现这本书不难.(形容词easy作补语)

 I'll let him go.我将让他去.(不定式go用作补语)

 注意:有时两个或更多的并列主语拥有一个共同的谓语,甚至并列有两个主语和两个谓语,这样的句子仍然是简单句,例:

 China and other countries in the east Asia are developing rapidly.中国和东亚其它国家正在迅速地发展.(China and other countries并列主语)

 Mr.Wang and I often work together and help each other.王先生和我常在一起工作互相帮助.

 英语五种基本句型列式如下:

 基本句型一:S V (主+谓)

 基本句型二:S V P (主+谓+表)

 基本句型三:S V O (主+谓+宾)

 基本句型四:S V o O (主+谓+间宾+直宾)

 基本句型五:S V O C (主+谓+宾+宾补)

叫复合句不叫复杂句

是复合句

before引导的时间状语从句,7,